Item characteristics and test-taker disengagement in PISA
If test-takers do not engage with the assessment, the reliability of test scores and the validity of inferences about their proficiency may suffer. Test-taker disengagement is particularly likely in low-stakes assessments and, according to prior...
OECD > Education Working PapersTowards more diverse and flexible international large-scale assessments
This paper explores enhancements to international large-scale assessments (ILSAs). It advocates for diversification, targeting specific groups or individuals for more precise diagnoses, and flexibilisation, refining the item bank for assessments'...
OECD > Education Working PapersGoing global: 39 language versions of the BFI-2-XS
In the 2023 Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), the Big Five personality traits were assessed using the BFI-2-XS, the 15-item extra-short form of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2). For this purpose, the instrument was translated into 24 languages and...
OECD > Education Working PapersMapping study for the integration of accommodations for students with Special Education Needs (SEN) in PISA
Due to various technical and methodological challenges, PISA has to date offered only limited accommodations for students with special education needs (SEN). As a result, some students are currently excluded from the PISA target population at the...
OECD > Education Working PapersRethinking education in the context of climate change
State-of-the-art scientific evidence shows that our planet is approaching several environmental and climate tipping points faster than previously expected. This means that the international community is facing a rapidly closing window of opportunity...
OECD > Education Working PapersFostering higher-order thinking skills online in higher education
This scoping review examines the effectiveness of online and blended learning in fostering higher-order thinking skills in higher education, focussing on creativity and critical thinking. The paper finds that whilst there is a growing body of...
OECD > Education Working Papers