Economics: Research Guide

Almost all business sectors in various developed and developing countries have realized the importance of transforming conventional marketing to digital marketing, the goal is to increase sales. Many marketing strategies can be applied to increase sales, including utilizing influencers in digital marketing. This study aims to identify digital marketing strategies that have been widely used by researchers in various countries and look for new models or new strategies that are relevant to be applied in developing countries after COVID-19 through a systematic literature review. The author searched for scientific articles on the Scopus database that were in English and fully accessible. This res..

The internationally adopted definition of tourism prompts to develop a systemic dynamic approach of tourism development. The paper proposes to conceptualize tourism development as a system interlinking three agents: transport, domestic tourism activities and the visitor; generating three types of development tourism development dynamics. In a second step, it uses this framework to develop, with a minimalist set of hypotheses, a capacity-based model enabling to consider destination tourism development as a microfounded supply-driven systemic dynamic process. Through the lens of the model, exhaustion or asymmetric distribution of market power may halt destination tourism development. Using the..

Abstract The recent infrastructural development and industrial actions around tourism development areas has increased which led to the degradation of coastal sites and protected areas in the Gambia, posing a threat to biodiversity loss and ecotourism. Thus, the research investigated the impact of biodiversity on tourism in The Gambia using the ARDL model between the periods of 1995-2020. The analysis has shown that biodiversity promotes tourism both in the short and long term. Similarly, economic growth has a positive impact on tourism. One of the policy implications is that, since tourism industry depends on the existence of biodiversity, therefore, biodiversity preservation should be a maj..

This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of tourism on urban transformation using a dataset of hotel openings in Madrid from 2001-2010. I show that hotel openings positively impact the number of establishments and employment by using the number of protected buildings as an instrumental variable to account for the non-random distribution of hotel openings. Interestingly, hotel openings contribute to changes in the composition of the economic activities and the business structures, enhancing tourist-oriented corporate-owned businesses over other individualowned companies. Finally, economic effects extend to the real estate market, increasing rental prices and residential invest..

This paper aims to explore the factors stimulating different tourism behaviours, with specific reference to same-day visits and overnight stays. To this aim, we employ mobile network data referred to the area of Lombardy. The paper highlights that larger availability of tourism accommodations, cultural and natural endowments are relevant factors explaining overnight stays. Conversely, temporary entertainment and transportation facilities increase municipalities attractiveness for same-day visits. The results also highlight a trade-off in the capability of municipalities of being attractive in connection to both the tourism behaviours, with higher overnight stays in areas with more limited sa..

Climate change has become an unavoidable problem in achieving sustainable development. As one of the major industries worldwide, tourism can make a significant contribution to mitigating climate change. The main objective of the paper is to assess the development level of low-carbon tourism from multi-aspect, using the Yellow River Basin as an example. Firstly, this study quantified tourism carbon dioxide emissions and tourism economy, and analyzed their evolution characteristics. The interaction and coordination degree between tourism carbon dioxide emissions and tourism economy were then analyzed using the improved coupling coordination degree model. Finally, this study analyzed the change..

The tourism sector is actively exploring methods to reduce its adverse environmental impact. Our study introduces hedonic appeals as a novel approach to encourage guests to reduce their room cleaning requests. We contend that combining this approach with sustainable appeals is at least as effective as the previously identified most effective strategy, namely providing guests with financial incentives. The effectiveness of hedonic appeals is channeled through guest value creation. Our empirical evidence – involving a field experiment at a European hotel and a lab experiment – supports the proposed effects and explanation mechanisms. We also demonstrate that our new strategy is the most pr..

The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on the tourism industry across the world. Be it aviation or hospitality, transportation, tour operators or eateries, every activity related to tourism was adversely affected by the pandemic in an unprecedented manner. India saw the first severe impact during the first quarter of 2020-21 when the tourism industry was severely affected, in terms of loss in tourism demand due to a significant fall in tourist arrivals. The industry saw gradual signs of recovery post-October 2020, but was hit again by the second wave during April-June 2021 and then the third wave during the period November 2021-January 2022. Given the contribution that tourism makes to th..

In this paper, we assess the impact of a fare-free public transport policy for overnight guests on travel mode choice to a Swiss tourism destination. The policy directly targets domestic transport to and from a destination, the substantial contributor to the CO2 emissions of overnight trips. Based on a survey sample, we identify the effect with the help of the random element that the information on the offer from a hotelier to the guest varies in day-to-day business. We estimate a shift from private cars to public transport due to the policy of, on average, 16.9 and 11.6 percentage points, depending on the application of propensity score matching and causal forest. This knowledge is relevant..

We estimate economic benefits of avoiding reductions in drinking water quality due to sea level rise accruing to North Carolina (NC) coastal tourists. Using stated preference stated preference methods data with recent coastal visitors, we find that tourists are 2%, 8%, and 11% less likely to take an overnight trip if drinking water tastes slightly, moderately, or very salty at their chosen destination. The majority of those who decline a trip would take a trip to another NC beach without water quality issues, others would take another type of trip, with a minority opting to stay home. Willingness to pay for an overnight beach trip declines with the salty taste of drinking water. We find evid..

This paper presents a novel theoretical characterization of how tourism services stimulate (deter) economic growth that integrates both Tourism-Led and Beach Disease hypotheses. We build a multisector growth model with the appealing feature that it delivers a linear growth equation that can be easily estimated by practitioners using conventional regression methods. We therefore build a bridge between theory and empirics. Under mild assumptions, we demonstrate theoretically that GDP per capita growth rate depends on the share the tourism sector represents over total GDP, Total Factor Productivity, and other determinants of the steady state of the economy. A testable implication is that a high..

Everyone has the right to legal protection in various activities of his life, including between producers and consumers. This article aims to discuss the prospects of sharia tourism in Gorontalo City and consumer legal protection of culinary products in realizing sharia tourism in Gorontalo City. This research is a field research with an empirical juridical approach. Data collection is in the form of literature, observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed with qualitative description. This qualitative descriptive uses a data display with 3 activity paths, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The result..

The tourism sector is a sector with many opportunities for business development. Entrepreneurship in this sector promotes economic growth and job creation. Knowing how entrepreneurial intention develops facilitates its transformation into entrepreneurial behaviour. Entrepreneurial behaviour can adopt a causal logic, an effectual logic or a combination of both. Considering the causal logic, decision-making is done through prediction. In this way, entrepreneurs try to increase their market share by planning strategies and analysing possible deviations from their plans. Previous literature studies causal entrepreneurial behaviour, as well as variables such as creative innovation, proactive deci..

Tourism's increasing share of Gross Domestic Product throughout the world, its impact on employment and its continuous growth justifies the interest it raises amongst entrepreneurs and public authorities. However, this growth coexists with intense competition; as a result of which, tourism companies must continuously innovate in order to survive and grow. This is evident in the diversification of tourism products and destinations, the improvement of business processes and the incorporation of new technologies for intermediation, amongst other examples. This paper expounds on the factors that explain the propensity for innovation amongst tourism entrepreneurs and it may help governments to pr..

International tourism statistics are notorious for being over-aggregated, lacking information about the tourist, available with a lag, and often provided only at the annual level. In response to this, we suggest a unique complementary approach that is computer-science driven and relies on big data collected from a leading travel portal. The novel approach enables us to obtain a systematic, consistent, and reliable approximation for tourism flows, and this with unparalleled precision, frequency, and depth of information. Our approach delivers also an unprecedented list of all tourist attractions in a country, along with data on the popularity and quality of these attractions. We provide valid..

While players in the tourism sector have demonstrated a growing interest in cryptocurrencies, only 8% of French people declared having already invested in cryptocurrencies in 2021. This research focuses on the determinants of the adoption of new cryptocurrency technology in the case of hotel room reservations on online platforms offer payment in Bitcoin by adapting the UTAUT model. A quantitative study carried out with 189 respondents residing in France shows that perceived usefulness, ease of use and perceived risk are major determinants of the intention to use cryptocurrencies. More surprisingly, the attitude towards new technologies does not have a significant effect on the intention to a..

A 2019 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) report on the future of tourism highlighted changes in travel demand and supply due to technological advances as important trends shaping the future of tourism. The report stressed the need for suppliers in the industry to actively respond to these trends, especially as technological innovations such as digital platforms, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and virtual reality (VR) are expected to change the tourism experience significantly. Many of the report’s OECD predictions are now coming true, as demographic change and an evolving social structure along with advances in digital technology are ..

The purpose of this investigation is to map the current state of marketing communications studies in the tourism industry. In this article we used a bibliometric analysis technique. Scopus data indicated that there were 195 documents concerned with marketing communications in the tourism industry. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using VOSviewer and Excel. This analysis involves identifying relevant keywords, co-occurrence analysis, citation analysis, and network visualization. Our findings provide an overview of research trends, prominent authors, influential journals, and key themes in the tourism marketing communications domain. The results highlight the growth in research outpu..

" Objective - The current paper investigates the relationship between macroeconomic factors and tourism demand for OIC countries. Methodology - The current paper employed the panel quantile regression analysis to assess the relationship. Findings - It is demonstrated that the impact of macroeconomic factors on tourism receipts is heterogeneous depending on the levels of tourism spending in the OIC host countries. The exchange rate and income exhibit a positive relationship with tourism demand. Meanwhile, inflation presents a negative relationship towards tourism demand at the lower level of tourism demand yet is positively related to the higher level. On the other hand, trade openness is neg..

Purpose This study aims to investigate the implications, risks and challenges of data privacy due to the use of immersive technology in the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt a mixed-method approach. Study 1 is a focus group. The authors then provide external and ecological validity with a field experiment conducted with 139 hotel clients at a three-star continental European hotel. Findings Collecting biometric data results in unbalanced privacy compared to biographic data, as it diminishes individuals' control over their data and grants organizations absolute power. This unbalanced privacy directly influences consumers' willingness to disclose information, a..

We investigate the causal effect of the asymmetric criminalization of prostitution on sex tourism. We exploit legal reforms in five countries that switched from systems where prostitution was legal (Norway, Sweden, Ireland, Canada), or where only buying sex was legal (France), to the “Nordic model” where only buying is criminalized. Using a difference-in-differences approach on data from Google trends and tourism statistics, we estimate the impact of the reforms on tourism flows to neighboring countries and popular sex tourism destinations. We find significant effects for countries where prostitution was legal, but not for France where selling sex was prohibited.

We analyze competition between hotels and Airbnb listings as well as the effect of Airbnb on consumer welfare, hotel profits, and Airbnb host surplus. For this purpose, we use granular daily-level data from Paris for the year 2017. We estimate a random coefficient logit model of demand. We extend prior research by accounting for the localized nature of competition within districts of the city. Our results suggest that demand is segmented by district as well as accommodation type. Based on these demand estimates, we estimate separate supply-side models for hotels and Airbnb, to account for differences in price setting we observe in the data. Using the estimated models, we assess how Airbnb af..

The aim is to find out the relation between the sharing and shadow economy and how influence each other. The partial goal is to analyse a situation in the selected countries. The partial aim is also to summarise the current state of knowledge in the sharing economy services in relation with shadow economy and to suggest possibilities for further research in this area. The partial aim is analysing situation of the shadow and sharing economy in providing accommodation services through Airbnb in the Czech Republic. The aim is also to identify the share of Airbnb accommodation in total accommodation capacity in the Czech Republic.Several methods are used to achieve the goals, such as forming hyp..

This study assesses the relative contributions that different demand segments make to a reduction in seasonality at tourism destinations. Specifically, we ask which types of markets are the most effective for counter-balancing seasonality in high seasonality-prone coastal destinations? This is particularly important where there is a significant presence of ‘non-market’ based segments, such as social tourists, as in Benidorm, Spain. The study integrates different statistical techniques to compare the relative effectiveness over time of four different groups (Imserso travellers, other domestic, the UK and other international) on the seasonality of demand in Benidorm. Using 10 years of acco..

Unpredictable external shocks exacerbate the negative effects usually attributed to cyclical seasonality. Two such recent shocks, the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, shifted debates from crisis management towards concerns for greater resilience in visitor economies. Social tourism is an effective stimulus to destination economies and ameliorates some negative effects of seasonality, but there is little evidence on its contributions to greater destination resilience. Furthermore, resilience, a relatively new concept, is poorly defined. We establish a conceptual link between seasonality and resilience through a holistic multivariate analysis of supply, demand and employment ..

In this paper, we estimate exchange rate elasticities of international tourism. Both the bilateral exchange rate and the U.S. dollar exchange rate relative to tourism origin countries are important drivers of tourism flows. The U.S. dollar exchange rate is more important for tourism destination countries with higher U.S. dollar borrowing, pointing toward a complementarity between U.S. dollar pricing and financing. Country-specific dominant currencies (CSDCs) play only a minor role on average but are important for tourism-dependent countries and those with a high concentration of foreign tourists. Consistent with dominant currency pricing, we also find that local hotel prices do increase stro..

This preprint reported two studies related to the application of ChatGPT in creating tourism marketing material.

Since 2012, the number of inbound tourists to Japan has increased every year, and new records of tourism-related economic indicators are being updated. On the other hand, the sudden inbound boom has led to a concentration of travel destinations, and overtourism has become a problem. In this paper, we first statistically observe the concentration of tourists by accommodation type for each country of origin. Second, by identifying tourism amenities that contribute to inbound demand, we gain the knowledge necessary to shift demand from facilities with a high concentration of inbound tourists to facilities with lower occupancy. For the analysis, we utilised establishment data from the Online Tra..

This research examines the phenomenon of pilgrimage tourism through a case study of the Fort Pilar Shrine in Zamboanga City, Philippines. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the study aims to investigate the factors contributing to the popularity of the shrine as a pilgrimage destination and analyze the socio-economic impacts it generates. The findings indicate that religious motivations, historical significance, and cultural experiences emerge as the key drivers attracting pilgrims to Fort Pilar Shrine. Furthermore, the shrine's economic significance is evident, as it contributes to job creation, income generation, and local business development. The study underscores the importance of s..